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Difference between Contactor and Relay |
| Use only 600 volt wire. Lamp cord, extension cords are not rated 600 volt. Use copper wire only. Aluminum wire is fire risk and should be avoided or installed by professional. 30 amp breaker use 10 gauge / 120-240 volt 30 amp outlet can be installed on 30 amp breaker only/ use 10 gauge wire ... cannot be connected to 15-20-40 amp breaker.  Orange/ #10 gauge wire, with ground ... 30 amp capacity. Safe maximum: 30 x 80% = 24 amps. Buy: 10-2 gauge/ 30 amp 10-3/ 30 amp Southwire electric tools |
Yellow
12 gauge 20 amp 120 volt 20 amp outlet can be installed on 20 amp breaker, but not 15 amp breaker/ use 12 ga wire. ... cannot be connected to 30-40 amp breaker. 1  Yellow/ #12 gauge wire, with ground ... 20 amp capacity. Safe maximum 16 amps. Buy: 12-2 gauge/ 20 amp 12-3/ 20 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground Rolls of stranded wire HOOK UP Wires |
White
14 gauge 15 amp 120 volt 15 amp outlet, AFCI, GFCI, timer, switch etc can be installed on 15 or 20 amp breaker. Never connect 15 gauge wire to 20-30-40 amp breaker.  White/ #14 gauge wire, with ground ... 15 amp capacity. Safe maximum 12 amps. Buy: 14-2 gauge/ 15 amp 14-3/ 15 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
| 50-60
amp breaker use 6 gauge / 240 volt 50 outlet can be installed on 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 6-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
40-50
amp breaker use 8 gauge / 240 volt 40 amp outlet can be installed on 40 or 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 8-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
  Copper ground wire. Every device, load, metal enclosure etc must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous throughout installation, never switched on-off, never used as a Neutral wire. Generally ... use same size as other wire in circuit Buy: 12 gauge copper ground wire Ground wire Green ground wire Ground pigtails Ground rods/ ground clamps at Amazon |
 Non metallic flexible cables must carry ground wire, but do not have hazard of short circuit causing injury from shock. Armored steel cable can be used as a grounded connection, and will protect wires from damage. Metal can be energized from an insulation failure. All conduit ...metal, plastic ... flexible and rigid ... must be attached to structure, and attached to enclosures, boxes. Movement, damage and deterioration are major cause of electrical failure. Buy: Non-metallic flexible conduit Power whip Armored cable Southwire armored cable cutter Pull boxes |
 Electrical tools must be insulated. Always best to disconnect power, but insulation failure, lack of proper grounding, grounded neutral, lack of GFCI, out-of-code wiring, generator operating without transfer switch, and other problems still pose a risk to anyone working on electric power ... even when breaker is off. Buy: Electrician tools kits KLEIN TOOLS Tools kits IRWIN tools KNIPEX Telephone cable knife Low Voltage Mounting Bracket for Telephone |
 600 volt 12 ga Stranded wire ot THHN wire is good for conduit with multiple wires ... but stranded cannot be installed under screw terminals on outlets, switches, timers etc without risk ... of heat causing splayed strands ....that come loose ... and begin to arc. Connect stranded to short piece of solid copper wire, and attach solid to screw terminal. Do not solder residential or commercial wiring. Project wire, extension cords, thermostat, bell and automotive wire are not rated for residential or commercial wiring. Only wire maked 600 volt can be used for permanent household wiring. Buy: Southwire 600 volt stranded wire Rolls of stranded wire HOOK UP Wires |
 Protect wiring from damage Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. -Code says: Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
  Electrically insulated tools When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistance and heat on wire and creates possible weak point. Buy tools: KLEIN TOOLS Wire strippers at Amazon Electric Wire Stripping Machine Linesman pliers Utility knife at Amazon |
 Multimeters Voltage is tested across two separate wires. Ohms or resistance is tested across both ends of same wire. Amperage is tested along one or two points on same wire. Buy: Analog multimeter Multimeters at Amazon Klein multimeter Electric testers at Amazon Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line |
 Single-pole Contactor 100 amp 48 volt |
 Single-pole Relay 80 amp 12 volt |
 3-pole / Contactor Resource: 3-pole Contactors |
 3-pole/ Coupling relay |
 Contactor relay 15 amp 120 volt |
 Switching relay 20 amp 120 volt |
 Definite purpose contactor 20 amp 120 volt Resource: Contactors |
 Both
are used to switch
electric circuit ON-OFFBoth are available in variety of Load ratings, variety of coil voltages Both are available with wide range of AC and DC ratings, for both Load and Coil. Both have a contact rating or Load rating for the contact points. Both have coil rating that gives the voltage and type of voltage needed to operate the coil. If ratings are exceeded, or not met, the contactor or relay can be non-functional or catch fire. Both operate withing same laws of electricity and physics. Both are subject to National Electric Code and both must be confined inside closed space with cover, with correct wire size etc. Both can be used different ways. HVAC heating and cooling system, and many other devices, use both relays and contactors. Relays can be used to switch contactors ON-OFF, contactor can be used to switch relay ON-OFF |
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 General
rule, any
application that exceeds 40 amps AC will use contactor instead of
relay? Over 100 amp DC is generally contactor?General rule: relays are commonly available with Normally Open and Normally Closed contacts Contactors can have NO and NC terminals, but typical HVAC contactor does not. When contactor has NO NC terminals, it usually has regular contact terminals also, and the NO NC terminals are additional terminals. Contactors are available 1-pole, 2-pole, 3-pole, and 4-pole, with auxiliary block that can add more poles. Each pole can switch a wire on-off. Generally, relays have 1 or 2 pole with NO NC contacts Contactor can switch single-phase and 3-phase. Contactors can switch 3-wire or 4-wire 3-phase depending on specific model. Relays can switch single-phase, but usually not 3-phase. Except relays can switch contactor, and contactor can switch 3-phase Repair replacement coils are available for some contactors, but generally not for relays Small contactor might be 1.5" x 2" x 3". Generally, many relays are smaller, but can be larger. On-delay and Off-delay and repeat-cycle relays are available for small loads. More delay and repeat cycle options are available with relays. Load rating for delay relay might be 1 amp, and so the relay is used to switch higher-amp contactor, and contactor switches motor on-off. On-delay and Off-delay 'blocks' can be added to some contactors, but only specific models. Auxiliary contact 'blocks' can be added to some contactors, but not all models of contactors support auxiliary contacts |
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Price |
Relays can cost $4 for
general purpose, up to hundreds
for timing relays Switching relays for power plant and electric grid applications can cost thousands Contactors cost $12 for low-amp 2-pole definite purpose, up to thousands for high-amp commercial contactors |
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 Contactors
and relays are
electric switches.Household light switch does same job as relay or contactor, except you manually move light switch on-off. For example, you don't want to stand in front of refrigerator and switch on the compressor each time the temperature rises inside refrigerator rises. Same with water well pump, HVAC heat, air conditioning and dehumidifier. Many electrical devices are automated. Automated controls include thermostats, pressure sensors, light sensors, time sensors, etc To automate a refrigerator, a thermostat is used. Refrigerator thermostats switch on-off when temperature drops or rises. To preserve thermostat, and reduce manufacture and replacement cost, the thermostat does not handle heavy switching. Instead the thermostat switches small voltage, and sends electric signal to contactor coil or relay coil. The contactor or relay handles the heavy switching load whenever it receives electric signal from thermostat. Electric systems are divided into specialized parts so automated controls and switches last longer and are cheaper to make Most heavy-amp loads are switched using combination of contactors and relays. There are exceptions where heavy load is manually switched. For example table saw: 1-2 Hp motor is activated using heavy-duty switch. |
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 Examples
from typical
home: Refrigerator thermostat closes a circuit that activates a relay that begins the refrigeration cycle. A wall timer reaches the 7 PM set point and activates a relay that turns on power to outdoor lights. The lights stay on after parking car, and then turns off short while later due to delay relay Water pressure falls inside water tank at rural home. The pressure switch closes contact points that turn on water pump. The air conditioner circuit breaker is clicked off then back on. Air conditioner will not restart immediately because the circuit board includes a delay-on-break relay that protects the system from short cycling. The air conditioner thermostat calls for cooling. Circuit board closes 24 volt circuit to a contactor coil that turns on the 50 amp motor. Electric car is switched on, closing circuit that activates coil on heavy-amp DC relay or contactor that sends power from batteries to motor. |
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Load rating Load is the electrical demand consumed by light bulb, motor, or appliance. Each electric device has rating printed on a label. Water heater has label, dishwasher has label, pool pump has label. Light bulb can be 100 watt @ 120 Volt, water heater 4500 watts @ 240 Volt, Double oven 7500 watt @ 240 volt Bathroom fan motor 1/6 Hp @ 120 volt, water well pump 1 Hp @ 240 Volt Refrigerator, washing machine, each have rating labels that show amount of Load they draw from electric system. Generally: a contactor is used to control high rated load, while relay is used to control lower rated load. For example 1 Hp water well pump controlled by pressure switch contactor. While 1/4 Hp bath fan can be controlled by off-delay relay. There are exceptions. For example: timers with relays that rated for 40 amp 2 Hp motor or pump. |
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Electrical rating of contactor and relay must match Load rating |
Each Contactor and Relay
has electrical rating. Electrical rating must match Load rating For example: If relay is rated 10 amps @ 120 volt AC and used to switch motor rated for 1 Hp @ 240 volt, then relay and load are not matched. Relay will overheat and burn out quickly. There is no difference between Contactor and Relay... both have electric rating that shows maximum load that the contactor or relay can switch. |
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Typical 2-pole contactor found in HVAC applicationsMust specify coil voltage... this is voltage that will switch the contactor on-offMust specify amp rating... this is the amount of Load the contactor can switch If you have 30 amp HVAC blower, you can choose 30 amp contactor... or 40 amp contactor... or 60 amp Larger amp is ok... but smaller amp is not ok For example, using 20 amp contactor on 30 amp load will cause contactor to burn out, or cause other problems Packard C240B contactor 2-Pole 40A resistive  Buy: 120Volt AC coil / 40 amp contactor At Amazon 240Volt AC coil / 40 amp contactor At Amazon Mars 2-pole and 3-pole contactors at Amazon Noark contactors at Amazon Amico contactors at Amazon Buy: Single pole contactors at Amazon Resource: Contactor spec sheet: |
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 Heavy amp loads: 20-90 amps L terminals for Line wires from breaker T terminals for load wires  3-pole definite purpose Contactor sizes approximately: 20-40 amp 3" tall x 2.4" wide 50-60 amp 3.75" tall x 2.7 wide 75-90 amp 4.5' tall x 3.5 wide Light amp loads: 8-12 amps/ contact block connection A1 A2 coil voltage L terminals for Line wires from breaker T terminals for load wires Terminals 13-14 NO / terminals 21-22 NC Other terminals apply to auxiliary blocks Resources: How to wire motor control contactor Difference between contactor and relay How to wire 3-phase DC relays for solar power   |
Buy
3-pole contactors/ AC ratings Buy manufacturer: Packard 3-pole contactor Brah contactors Market Forge contactor Schneider contactor at Amazon Kripal 3-pole contactor/ they email asking which coil voltage Furnas contactor at Amazon Siemens 3-pole contactor Siemens 3RT motor contactor Eaton 3 pole contactor with contact block connection Allen-Bradley 3 pole contactor Migro contactor Fasco 3-pole contactor Mars 2-pole and 3-pole contactors at Amazon By coil voltage and amp rating 3 pole 24Volt coil 40 amp 3-pole 24V coil Packard 50 amp 3-pole 24V coil Mars 60 amp 3-pole 24V coil Packard 75 amp 3-pole 24V coil Mars 75 amp 3-pole 24V coil Norak 3--pole 24 Volt DC coil Siemens 3RT10 up to 460 volt 5 Hp with auxiliary contacts 3-pole 120Volt coil 25 amp 3-pole 120V coil Brah 30 amp 120 volt coil Packard 30 amp 3-pole 120V coil Brah 30 amp 120 volt Mars 30 amp 120 coil Eaton 40 amp 120V coil at Amazon / Packard 50 amp 120v coil Mars 50 amp 3-pole Migro 60 amp 3-pole 120Volt coil Packard 75 amp 3-pole 120V coil Mars 90 amp 3-pole 120 volt coil Square D 100 amp 3-pole Kripal 3 pole 208-240Volt coil 30 amp 3-pole 240V coil 30 amp 208-240 coil Mars 40 amp 208-240 volt Eaton 40 amp 208-240 Mars 50 amp 208-240 V Mars 60 amp 240 volt Mars 60 amp 3-pole 240V coil Mars 90 amp 3-pole 208-240Volt coil Mars 3 pole 277volt coil 3-pole contactors with 277V coil 30 amp 277V coil 50 amp 3-pole 277V coil Mars 60 amp 277V coil Mars 75 amp 277V coil Mars 90 amp 277 V coil Mars 3 pole 480Volt coil 30 amp 480V coil Mars 40 amp 480V coil Mars 50 amp 480V coil Noark 50 amp 480V coil Mars 60 amp 480V coil Mars 75 amp 480V coil Mars 90 amp 480V coil Mars Resource: Mars-Furnas contactor .pdf |
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 Block attaches to contactor with mechanical latch When contactor turns ON, the mechanical movement of the coil turns on the auxiliary device |
Contact
blocks/ pneumatic timer attachments. Off
delay timer, or
on-delay timer, or contact block
connects to contactorThese auxiliary devices can be used to control contactor activation, or be used to control separate operation. Adding contact block, allows the contactor to control additional circuit with time delay. When contactor turns ON, the contact block is activated by mechanical action of contactor, instead of electric current. Once the timer block activates, the countdown begins. When countdown ends, the contact block relay activates.  Buy
Contact blocks at AmazonAuxillary contact block at Amazon LADT2 with 30 second delay Dayton contact block Resource: How to wire contactor block |
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Example; Replacement coil for contactorsSnap out bottom of contactorReplace coil Snap bottom back in place |
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3-pole
contactor Auxiliary Contact can be added to some contactors, changing them from 3-pole to 4-pole. This allows additional switch control Buy: Siemens side mount contact Schneider auxiliary contact Square d auxiliary contact |
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3-pole contactor/ 20 amp/ with NO NC terminals3 pole + With NO NC terminalsLow cost, low amp contactors Buy: 20 amp/ 120 volt coil/ 3-pole contactor + 2-NO 2-NC terminals with auxiliary connection 20 amp/ 240 volt coil/ 3P 600 V 5500 watt + 1-NO 1-NC terminals Amico contactors at Amazon |
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Commercial contactors can take many formsNema contactorsThese contactors can control two 3-phase loads Additionally, each contactor has connection located on top for auxiliary contact block or delay timer block with NO NC terminals (shown below) Buy: $2700-3800 + shipping Nema 90 amp contactor at Amazon Nema 90 amp 3-pole at Amazon |
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Commercial contactors can
take many forms This contactor is activated by applying voltage to terminals A1 A2 3 Hot wires from 3 phase power connect to L line terminals 1 3 5 3 Wires going to Load connect to T terminals 2 4 6 There are additional terminals 13 14 21 22 Terminals 13 and 14 are NO and terminals 21 22 are NC So this contactor can control 3-phase operation, but also control additional loads using the additional terminals Buy: Schneider 3-phase contactor at Amazon Resource: How to wire motor control contactor |
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Power contactor for cranes, mills, quarries59,000 watts- 425,000 watts |
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Reversing hoist contactor |
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 Larger image Control water heater or pool pump with telephone or computer |
Z-wave / Wifi contactorcontactor moduleBuy: Intermatic CA3750 at Amazon GE z-wave contactor DEWENWILS brand wifi Wifi power switch WiOn wifi contactor Vera3 at Amazon Resource: How to wire and set up zwave contactor How to wire and set up wifi contactor |
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Z-wave relayControl 120 volt loads with remote z-wave switchRequires neutral wire and hot wire to operate switch Buy: Z-wave micro-switch |
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Relay: Load Contacts: 28 volt DC 30 amp DC9A seriesW9AS1D52-110/ 30 amp @ 28 volt DC W9AS5D52-110/ 30 amp @ 28 volt DC Online Magnecraft power relays Schneider power relays |
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Zettler miniature relayBuy:miniature relay120Volt SPST miniature relay at Amazon Zettler relays at Amazon |
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Open frame: 30-40 amp AC power relayBuyMagnecraft box and cover Siemens power relays Schneider W199 relay NTE open frame relays Packard DPDT fan relay Tyco open frame relay Contactors/ reliable for heavy amp loads 15 amp Relays for loads up to 10 amps |
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Open frame: 12 VDC 40-50 amp DC power relayBuy:W199AX-3 relay W199PX-13/ 50 amp at 26 VDC = 1400 watt X199 Magnecraft relay Magnecraft W199 DC relay Resource: Magnecraft relay / pdf Resource |
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Solid state DC relay/ Input 3-28 Volt DCContacts: 120 Volt AC / 26 ampsBuy:3-32 volt DC input/ control 120 Volt 25 amp AC Opto relays at Amazon Resources: Solid state relay data sheet Solid state relay DC relay data sheet Switching function solid state relay/ pdf |
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Solid state relay/ SPSTCheck input-output rating: AC-AC/ or AC-DC / or DC-DCBuy: AC to AC input 80-280V AC input 24-380V AC AC to AC output 24V to 480V input 80 to 250V Solid state with heat sink Solid State relays at Amazon Buy Solid state relay at Amazon 100-240Volt AC input / 20 amp/ at Amazon 80-250Volt AC input/ AC output/ 40 amp/ at Amazon Resource: Electromechanical relay vrs solid state relay/ pdf |
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DC to DC solid state relaysBuy from my associate links100 volt 25 amp DC Relay 200 volt 25 amp DC relay at Amazon Relay safety cover Heat sink Resource: Convert water heater from AC to DC Electromechanical relay vrs solid state relay/ pdf Switching function solid state relay/ pdf |
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DC200P 5-200 VDC solid state relayContacts: 24 VDC 1 amp DCBuy:DC200P 200 volt DC at Amazon Opto relays at Amazon Resources: Solid state relay data sheet Solid state relay DC relay data sheet |
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DC60MP 5-60 VDC solid state relayContacts: 24 VDC 3 amp DCBuy:DC60MP 60 volt DC at Amazon Opto relays at Amazon Resources: Solid state relay data sheet Solid state relay DC relay data sheet |
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Relays
that fit inside
Intermatic freeze controls Buy: 1435T136 relay with 120 Volt AC coil at Amazon 143T135 relay with 240 Volt AC coil at Amazon Buy equal Substitute Omron 120 volt coil at Amazon/ contacts rated 25 amp @ 220 volt load Omron 240 volt coil at Amazon/ with test button/ contacts rated 25 amp @ 220 volt load Omron relays at Amazon Resource: Intermatic freeze controls |
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General purpose relay Buy Omron LY2 10 amp relay at Amazon 30 Amp DPDT relay at Amazon Resources: Omron relay/Page 450 / pdf |
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 Delay relays/
delay timers12V-240V applications These relays include a delay circuit that turns a circuit ON or OFF after a delay period expires. For example, a boiler turns on, and circuit is connected to turn on vent fan. After boiler turns OFF, the fan continues to run for several minutes before turning OFF. Buy: Model 6a859 15 seconds to 300 seconds Model 6a858 3 seconds to 60 seconds Dayton off delay timers at Amazon AH3 delay timers Resources: How to wire delay timer How to wire AH3 delay timer Add a time-delay fan to boiler |
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ICM
relay used in HVAC
and
other applications... usually 24 volt application Prevent motor from immediate restart after power is cut Keep blower going a few seconds longer after heat strips turns off Buy: 120-240 Volt delay ON: ICM 102 / 18-240VAC 1.5 amp load Amazon Packard 102 at Amazon Buy: contactors: Packard contactor with 24Volt coil 120Volt coil At Amazon 240Volt coil At Amazon Resource: ICM 102 delay ON timer manual .pdf More contactors Terminals Fuseholders Delay timer for pump or motor |
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Din rail delay and
repeat-cycle relay Multi purpose timer Resource: How to wire din rail timers How to wire delay relay |
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Enclosures for contactors and
relay installation Keep wires and conduit straight Resource: Metal and plastic enclosures |
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Timer relay 40 amp Resource: Found on GM40 series etc Found on digital defrost timers |
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Computer controlled relay Relays that are controlled by desktop computer Buy: Delay timer Relay board |
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Relay module with 4 relays 20 amp each Modular board expands capability of some Intermatic timer Resource: Intermatic ET series |
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  250VDC 25 amp 400VDC 200 amp |
DC power relaysFull on-off contacts/ 12 or 24 volt DC coil250 volt / 25 amp DC load 250V x 25 amp = 6250 watt Connect 12 or 24 volt DC to terminals 3-4; Connect load to terminals 1-2 Buy: Electromechanical DC-DC G9EB-1 relay G9EB-1-B-DC24 24 VDC coil and 400 VDC/ 200 amp contacts Omron relay at online Fuseholder Resources: DC relays for solar power Omron-DC-DC-relay-Datasheet Omron DC-DC pdf DC power relay spec sheet |
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Enclosed relays/ Functional devicesBuy:Enclosed relays at Amazon 3PST AC-DC at Amazon Functional relays at Amazon |
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Aprilaire amp relay
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What is Voltage monitoring
relay What is Phase monitoring relay What is Phase failure relay. What is a measurement and control relay? These relays are available in wide variety of different forms, but each does approximately same thing.... monitor the electricity flowing into a factory or into a machine. And when the electricity does not meet the parameter that is being measured, it will open or close a relay that will shut down power or perform other task such as issue warning light etc. Different phase monitoring or phase failure relays are available to perform specific measurement or functions The phase monitoring or phase failure relay will measure the parameter, and if electricity falls outside acceptable range, then the relay opens or closes contacts that can disconnect power to the equipment, or perform any other needed function. Depending on the version, the relays monitor phase sequence, line and voltage faults, phase failure with and without N conductor monitoring, phase unbalance, undervoltage or overvoltage.... and response is initiated before more significant damage can occur. For example if you have 3-phase machine. Note: Three phase is commercial electric wiring and requires 3 wires to complete circuit. If one or more of the wires is out of phase, or is disrupted by interference, or falls in voltage, or spikes in voltage, these electrical disturbances can damage expensive machinery. The monitoring relays prevent damage. Buy Voltage monitoring relay |
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Multimeter Test for breaks in wire/ Test for voltage Most appliance require 80% rated voltage to function correctly Buy Analog multimeter Multimeters at Amazon Klein multimeter Electric testers at Amazon Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line Resource: How to test and replace element How to test thermocouple Element tests for 120 volts How to test wire |
Safety
when testing wires:
Never touch wet or previously flooded appliance. Never stand on wet surface when working on electric. Never stand on bare soil, put down dry boards. Tape tester leads to wood sticks to keep hands away from power. Use non-contact voltage tester before touching wires. Never touch or lean into any made of metal. Remove metal objects from pockets. Do not use oxygen or fuel accelerants in same room as electrical repairs Resource: Basic house wiring |
 Non-contact voltage tester Test for power without touching connectors NEVER assume power is OFF Buy: Non-contact voltage tester Amazon Electric testers at Amazon Resource: How to test electric power is off |
 120 volt 15 amp devices
including GFCI, timers, switches, plugs, wifi controls etc can be
installed on 15 or 20
amp
breaker.120 volt GFCI, outlet, receptacle that is rated 20 amp can be installed on 20 amp breaker only, but NOT on 15 amp breaker. Buy 15 amp GFCI 20 amp GFCI |
Buy Basic electric book Home plumbing/ electrical codes  Or learn about basic household electricity... use and search my site/ Resource Safe electric wiring Basic house wiring |
 Use outlet tester to check for correct wiring on any 120 volt straight-blade outlet. Buy: Klein testers Outlet tester Circuit breaker finder Electric usage monitor |
Twist-on wire connector assortmentsDo not reuse old connectorsTwist wire connector very tight. Pull wires to ensure they will not come loose. Cover all bare copper. Buy: Connector assortment at Amazon Connector assortment at Amazon Resource How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
Weatherproof wire connectorConnector cavity is full of siliconeBuilt-in cover keeps silicone in place Protect from water, dust etc Buy from my affiliate links Weatherproof size 14 to 6 Amazon Weatherproof size 22 to 8 Amazon Resource How to select and install connectors |
Connect wire to screw terminal Use only 600 volt solid copper wire. Do not use stranded wire or extension cord. Do not use solder anywhere on residential 120-240 volt wiring. Attach electric installation to structure. Tighten screws very tight against wire.  Buy: NEC books Dewalt plumbing/ electrical codes Basic electric book National electric code guide/ illustrated Resources: How to twist wire How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
 Weatherproof
lever switch on outdoor lightsSafely operate outdoor toggle switch Replaces outdoor cover Install over top of ordinary switch Works with single-pole, double-pole, 3PST, 3-way, 4-way switches etc Use weatherproof box for outdoor Can be used indoor or outdoor Buy: Best choice: Cantex lever switch Outdoor lever switches at Amazon Lever switches Resource Cantex-toggle-switch-covers.pdf Cantex-PVC-junction-boxes.pdf |
Buy: |
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectorsBuy:Push on wire connectors Amazon Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon |
Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. Code -Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
 When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistances on wire and creates weak point. Buy tools: Wire strippers at Amazon Linesman pliers Pro linesman plier Needle nose pliers End cutting nippers at Amazon |
 Weather resistant plastic box for outdoor extension cord connections, Christmas lights, outdoor power strip etc . Not for connecting wires with wire nutsŪ, or in-wall wiring, but can be used indoors to organize extension cords, power strips etc. Weather resistant is not weatherproof or watertight. Use enclosures rated IP65 and IP67 for waterproof. Extension cords cannot be used for permanent wiring. Buy: Large-medium-small electric cord box Socketbox Raintight enclosures Water-tight cord lock Resource: Enclosures and boxes |
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Buy Industrial electric Industrial supplies Tools and home improvement Home and garden Hayward pool Pentair pool Southwire electric |
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Buy
Tools DEWALT Black and Decker Stanley SKIL Makita Porter-Cable Bosch Irwin Hand tools Klein hand tools Fluke electrical testing Dremel hobby tools Campbell Hausfeld air powered Tekton automotive Powerbuilt automotive Saws and saw blades |
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Resource: Compare box timers DPDT timers Intermatic Control water heater w/ Z-wave |
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Resource: Intermatic control centers: and parts Digital control centers and parts Tork control centers and parts Subpanels All control centers and parts Enclosures |
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Resource: Programmable timers Countdown timers Off delay timers On delay timers Timer modules Din rail Twin & one-shot Woods Intermatic Tork |
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Recirculation systems |
 | Buy
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