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12 / 24 Volt AC or DC photo eye |
| Use only 600 volt wire. Lamp cord, extension cords are not rated 600 volt. Use copper wire only. Aluminum wire is fire risk and should be avoided or installed by professional. 30 amp breaker use 10 gauge / 120-240 volt 30 amp outlet can be installed on 30 amp breaker only/ use 10 gauge wire ... cannot be connected to 15-20-40 amp breaker.  Orange/ #10 gauge wire, with ground ... 30 amp capacity. Safe maximum: 30 x 80% = 24 amps. Buy: 10-2 gauge/ 30 amp 10-3/ 30 amp Southwire electric tools |
Yellow
12 gauge 20 amp 120 volt 20 amp outlet can be installed on 20 amp breaker, but not 15 amp breaker/ use 12 ga wire. ... cannot be connected to 30-40 amp breaker. 1  Yellow/ #12 gauge wire, with ground ... 20 amp capacity. Safe maximum 16 amps. Buy: 12-2 gauge/ 20 amp 12-3/ 20 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground Rolls of stranded wire HOOK UP Wires |
White
14 gauge 15 amp 120 volt 15 amp outlet, AFCI, GFCI, timer, switch etc can be installed on 15 or 20 amp breaker. Never connect 15 gauge wire to 20-30-40 amp breaker.  White/ #14 gauge wire, with ground ... 15 amp capacity. Safe maximum 12 amps. Buy: 14-2 gauge/ 15 amp 14-3/ 15 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
| 50-60
amp breaker use 6 gauge / 240 volt 50 outlet can be installed on 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 6-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
40-50
amp breaker use 8 gauge / 240 volt 40 amp outlet can be installed on 40 or 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 8-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
  Copper ground wire. Every device, load, metal enclosure etc must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous throughout installation, never switched on-off, never used as a Neutral wire. Generally ... use same size as other wire in circuit Buy: 12 gauge copper ground wire Ground wire Green ground wire Ground pigtails Ground rods/ ground clamps at Amazon |
 Non metallic flexible cables must carry ground wire, but do not have hazard of short circuit causing injury from shock. Armored steel cable can be used as a grounded connection, and will protect wires from damage. Metal can be energized from an insulation failure. All conduit ...metal, plastic ... flexible and rigid ... must be attached to structure, and attached to enclosures, boxes. Movement, damage and deterioration are major cause of electrical failure. Buy: Non-metallic flexible conduit Power whip Armored cable Southwire armored cable cutter Pull boxes |
 Electrical tools must be insulated. Always best to disconnect power, but insulation failure, lack of proper grounding, grounded neutral, lack of GFCI, out-of-code wiring, generator operating without transfer switch, and other problems still pose a risk to anyone working on electric power ... even when breaker is off. Buy: Electrician tools kits KLEIN TOOLS Tools kits IRWIN tools KNIPEX Telephone cable knife Low Voltage Mounting Bracket for Telephone |
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectorsBuy:Push on wire connectors Amazon Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon HOOK UP Wires |
 Protect wiring from damage Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. -Code says: Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
  Electrically insulated tools When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistance and heat on wire and creates possible weak point. Buy tools: KLEIN TOOLS Wire strippers at Amazon Electric Wire Stripping Machine Linesman pliers Utility knife at Amazon |
 Multimeters Voltage is tested across two separate wires. Ohms or resistance is tested across both ends of same wire. Amperage is tested along one or two points on same wire. Buy: Analog multimeter Multimeters at Amazon Klein multimeter Electric testers at Amazon Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line |
 GFCI circuit breaker A GFCI circuit breaker will protect all boxes on circuit. Circuit must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous and connected to each piece of equipment. White wire on circuit breaker must be connected to Neutral busbar inside the breaker panel. Buy GFCI circuit breakers |
Push down 1" wide Push down breaker Plug-in breaker Buy single-pole: Choose from 15 to 60 amp Eaton CL series Siemens 15-60 amp Single-pole tandem breaker Tandem breakers |
Push down 2" wide Push down breaker Plug-in breakers Buy double-pole: Choose from 15 to 125 amp Choose from 15 amp to 200 amp Eaton CL series circuit breaker Siemens circuit breaker Double pole GFCI |
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12 Volt AC/DC photocell/
coil rated for 12 volt DC 10 amp Incoming black Hot wire connects to Black wire on photoeye. Outgoing Load wire (to light etc) connects to red wire. Incoming white Neutral wire and Load Neutral connect to White wire on photoeye Buy:: 12 V DC-AC photocell at Amazon 12 V DC mighty mule photo eye All 12 VDC photocells 12 Volt DC products at Amazon |
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12 Volt DC
photocell for 12 VDC car battery Incoming black Hot wire connects to Black wire on photoeye. Outgoing Load wire (to light etc) connects to red wire. Incoming white Neutral wire and Load Neutral connect to White wire on photoeye Buy:: 12 V DC photocell at Amazon All 12 VDC photocells 12 Volt DC products at Amazon Resource: Reverse photocell so it turns off at night and on at day 12 volt transformer Transformer |
Larger image  ST01
uses CR2 battery |
6-12-24 volt photo eye/
AC or DC ST01/ battery-operated/ dawn-to-dusk or dusk-to-dawn/ astronomic or programmable timer/ works with 12-28 Volt AC or DC/ requires no power to operate timer except internal CR2 battery Use dawn-dusk programming. Connect 24V DC to Black and Blue wires To reverse operation so load is ON during the day... connect blue and red wires together ST01 and Ei600 timers are battery operated These timers do NOT require connection to 120 Volt power Free standing timer, replaceable CR2 battery DC Loads 4A 12V dc, 2A 28V dc Buy: Intermatic ST01c timer/ 1 year warranty ST01a almond Intermatic ST01K combination timer Ei600 5-year warranty timer CR2 replacement battery Resources: Load ratings for Intermatic timers/ pdf Load rating for ST01 timer: 120V ac, 6A, 208-277V ac; DC Loads 4A 12V dc, 2A 28V dc; Motors 1HP 120VAC, 2HP 240V ac, Ballast 16A 120V ac, 208-277V ac; Resistive 20A 120-277Vac. |
 Red-Blue-Black-green wires LED display is not illuminated Incoming black Hot
wire connects to Black wire on photoeye.
Outgoing Load wire (to light etc) connects to Blue wire. Red wire is capped off. Incoming white Neutral wire is not connected to battery-operated ST01 timer. Load Neutral connect to White wire on photoeye |
Why
is this timer a photo eye? Because it can operate dawn-to-dusk or dusk-to-dawn. The timer automatically adjusts for time zone. The dawn dusk setting can be adjusted slightly longer or shorter. The timer can be connected to delay timer to turn off earlier than dusk or dawn Choose dawn-to-dusk by connecting blue and red wire together. Choose dusk-to-dawn by capping red wire Why is this timer 24 Volt DC Because the timer is battery-operated. Battery lasts 2-3 years. Because the timer does not need to be connected to 120 Volt AC or 240 Volt AC power to operate. Just the battery is needed Timer can be located inside electric box, anywhere outdoors-or-indoors. Can be located in shaded or dark location without affecting operation. ST01 timer is rated DC Loads 4A 12V dc, 2A 28V dc Resources: How to program and wire ST01 timer |
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ST01 ON at night/
OFF in day Cap off timer red wire Use contactor or relay if load exceeds 4 Amp AC, 2 amp DC Buy: Contactors Photoeyes 24 volt transformer 12 volt transformer Contactors 24 volt relay 12 volt relay |
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ST01 OFF
at night/ ON in day Connect timer blue wire and timer red wire Use contactor or relay if load exceeds 4 Amp AC, 2 amp DC Buy: Intermatic ST01c timer Intermatic ST01 timer Ei600 5-year warranty timer Contactors 24 volt relay 12 volt relay |
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ST01 timer controls PV solar
panels Concept illustration. Not tested as drawn with solar panels. Following information about ST01 timer is tested: ST01 timer is rated 4A 12V dc, 2A 28V dc Install 2 amp fuse as shown When ST01 timer red-and-blue wires are connected, then programming is reversed. Dusk-to-Dawn become Dawn-to-Dusk Buy: DC-DC heavy amp relay with 12-24 Volt DC coil, contacts rated 250 VDC 26 amp DC-DC heavy amp relay with 12-24 Volt DC coil, contacts rated 400 VDC 200 amp Intermatic ST01c timer |
 Larger image |
Use DC timer to control solar water heater How it works: When water inside tank is cold, then lower thermostat turns ON 12-24 Volt power supply provides electricity to lower thermostat Thermostat turns ON, then DC relay turns ON, letting solar power flow to lower element. At same time, power is sent to ST01 timer, waiting for timer programs to activate ST01 is battery powered, and keeps time and will operate relays even is 12-24 VDC does not arrive from lower thermostat. With this specific illustration, the lower thermostat must be ON before 12-24 VDC travels to ST01 timer When timer is ON, and lower thermostat is ON, then timer turns ON upper element When solar power is not full strength, then you want to activate lower watt, higher-resistance element to maximize solar output. In this illustration, the lower watt element is the upper element on water heater Set timer so it is ON from 6 AM to 10 AM Set timer so it is OFF from 10 AM to 3 PM Set timer so it is ON from 3 PM to 9 PM Resources: Convert AC water heater to DC water heater |
| Buy: 12 Volt DC products at Amazon |
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12-24 volt DC power supply
for 2-pin LED lights 60 watt 120 volt AC to 12 volt DC Buy:: 12 V DC 60 watt power supply 12V DC 10A power supply IP67 LED driver All 12 volt DC power supplies To wire this as a photoeye, connect ordinary 120 volt AC photoeye to the electric cord going to power supply. Buy: 120 volt Photo eyes |
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12
volt DC photoeye Buy: 12 volt DC photoeye |
Multimeter Test for breaks in wire/ Test for voltage Most appliance require 80% rated voltage to function correctly Buy Analog multimeter Multimeters at Amazon Klein multimeter Electric testers at Amazon Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line Resource: How to test and replace element How to test thermocouple Element tests for 120 volts How to test wire |
Safety
when testing wires:
Never touch wet or previously flooded appliance. Never stand on wet surface when working on electric. Never stand on bare soil, put down dry boards. Tape tester leads to wood sticks to keep hands away from power. Use non-contact voltage tester before touching wires. Never touch or lean into any made of metal. Remove metal objects from pockets. Do not use oxygen or fuel accelerants in same room as electrical repairs Resource: Basic house wiring |
 Non-contact voltage tester Test for power without touching connectors NEVER assume power is OFF Buy: Non-contact voltage tester Amazon Electric testers at Amazon Resource: How to test electric power is off |
 120 volt 15 amp devices
including GFCI, timers, switches, plugs, wifi controls etc can be
installed on 15 or 20
amp
breaker.120 volt GFCI, outlet, receptacle that is rated 20 amp can be installed on 20 amp breaker only, but NOT on 15 amp breaker. Buy 15 amp GFCI 20 amp GFCI |
Buy Basic electric book Home plumbing/ electrical codes  Or learn about basic household electricity... use and search my site/ Resource Safe electric wiring Basic house wiring |
 Use outlet tester to check for correct wiring on any 120 volt straight-blade outlet. Buy: Klein testers Outlet tester Circuit breaker finder Electric usage monitor |
Twist-on wire connector assortmentsDo not reuse old connectorsTwist wire connector very tight. Pull wires to ensure they will not come loose. Cover all bare copper. Buy: Connector assortment at Amazon Connector assortment at Amazon Resource How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
Weatherproof wire connectorConnector cavity is full of siliconeBuilt-in cover keeps silicone in place Protect from water, dust etc Buy from my affiliate links Weatherproof size 14 to 6 Amazon Weatherproof size 22 to 8 Amazon Resource How to select and install connectors |
Connect wire to screw terminal Use only 600 volt solid copper wire. Do not use stranded wire or extension cord. Do not use solder anywhere on residential 120-240 volt wiring. Attach electric installation to structure. Tighten screws very tight against wire.  Buy: NEC books Dewalt plumbing/ electrical codes Basic electric book National electric code guide/ illustrated Resources: How to twist wire How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
 Weatherproof
lever switch on outdoor lightsSafely operate outdoor toggle switch Replaces outdoor cover Install over top of ordinary switch Works with single-pole, double-pole, 3PST, 3-way, 4-way switches etc Use weatherproof box for outdoor Can be used indoor or outdoor Buy: Best choice: Cantex lever switch Outdoor lever switches at Amazon Lever switches Resource Cantex-toggle-switch-covers.pdf Cantex-PVC-junction-boxes.pdf |
Buy: |
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectorsBuy:Push on wire connectors Amazon Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon |
Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. Code -Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
 When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistances on wire and creates weak point. Buy tools: Wire strippers at Amazon Linesman pliers Pro linesman plier Needle nose pliers End cutting nippers at Amazon |
 Weather resistant plastic box for outdoor extension cord connections, Christmas lights, outdoor power strip etc . Not for connecting wires with wire nutsŪ, or in-wall wiring, but can be used indoors to organize extension cords, power strips etc. Weather resistant is not weatherproof or watertight. Use enclosures rated IP65 and IP67 for waterproof. Extension cords cannot be used for permanent wiring. Buy: Large-medium-small electric cord box Socketbox Raintight enclosures Water-tight cord lock Resource: Enclosures and boxes |
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the economy: Buy water heaters from my associate links: 50 gallon Gas water heaters at Amazon 40 gallon gas water heaters at Amazon 50 gallon Electric water heaters at Amazon 40 gallon electric water heaters at Amazon Hybrid / heat pump/ water heaters at Amazon Resources: How to install gas water heater How to install electric water heater Troubleshoot gas water heater Troubleshoot electric water heater Point of use water heaters |
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Resource: Compare box timers DPDT timers Intermatic Control water heater w/ Z-wave |
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Resource: Intermatic control centers: and parts Digital control centers and parts Tork control centers and parts Subpanels All control centers and parts Enclosures |
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Resource: Programmable timers Countdown timers Off delay timers On delay timers Timer modules Din rail Twin & one-shot Woods Intermatic Tork |
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Recirculation systems |
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