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How to troubleshoot timers |
| Use only 600 volt wire. Lamp cord, extension cords are not rated 600 volt. Use copper wire only. Aluminum wire is fire risk and should be avoided or installed by professional. 30 amp breaker use 10 gauge / 120-240 volt 30 amp outlet can be installed on 30 amp breaker only/ use 10 gauge wire ... cannot be connected to 15-20-40 amp breaker.  Orange/ #10 gauge wire, with ground ... 30 amp capacity. Safe maximum: 30 x 80% = 24 amps. Buy: 10-2 gauge/ 30 amp 10-3/ 30 amp Southwire electric tools |
Yellow
12 gauge 20 amp 120 volt 20 amp outlet can be installed on 20 amp breaker, but not 15 amp breaker/ use 12 ga wire. ... cannot be connected to 30-40 amp breaker. 1  Yellow/ #12 gauge wire, with ground ... 20 amp capacity. Safe maximum 16 amps. Buy: 12-2 gauge/ 20 amp 12-3/ 20 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground Rolls of stranded wire HOOK UP Wires |
White
14 gauge 15 amp 120 volt 15 amp outlet, AFCI, GFCI, timer, switch etc can be installed on 15 or 20 amp breaker. Never connect 15 gauge wire to 20-30-40 amp breaker.  White/ #14 gauge wire, with ground ... 15 amp capacity. Safe maximum 12 amps. Buy: 14-2 gauge/ 15 amp 14-3/ 15 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
| 50-60
amp breaker use 6 gauge / 240 volt 50 outlet can be installed on 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 6-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
40-50
amp breaker use 8 gauge / 240 volt 40 amp outlet can be installed on 40 or 50 amp breaker only  Buy: 8-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
  Copper ground wire. Every device, load, metal enclosure etc must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous throughout installation, never switched on-off, never used as a Neutral wire. Generally ... use same size as other wire in circuit Buy: 12 gauge copper ground wire Ground wire Green ground wire Ground pigtails Ground rods/ ground clamps at Amazon |
 Non metallic flexible cables must carry ground wire, but do not have hazard of short circuit causing injury from shock. Armored steel cable can be used as a grounded connection, and will protect wires from damage. Metal can be energized from an insulation failure. All conduit ...metal, plastic ... flexible and rigid ... must be attached to structure, and attached to enclosures, boxes. Movement, damage and deterioration are major cause of electrical failure. Buy: Non-metallic flexible conduit Power whip Armored cable Southwire armored cable cutter Pull boxes |
 Electrical tools must be insulated. Always best to disconnect power, but insulation failure, lack of proper grounding, grounded neutral, lack of GFCI, out-of-code wiring, generator operating without transfer switch, and other problems still pose a risk to anyone working on electric power ... even when breaker is off. Buy: Electrician tools kits KLEIN TOOLS Tools kits IRWIN tools KNIPEX Telephone cable knife Low Voltage Mounting Bracket for Telephone |
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectorsBuy:Push on wire connectors Amazon Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon HOOK UP Wires |
 Protect wiring from damage Use nipper instead of pliers or screwdriver for removing staples (and nails). Do not damage cable or wires inside cable. -Code says: Cable SHALL BE secured without damage to the outer covering. NEC sec. 336-15 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
  Electrically insulated tools When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistance and heat on wire and creates possible weak point. Buy tools: KLEIN TOOLS Wire strippers at Amazon Electric Wire Stripping Machine Linesman pliers Utility knife at Amazon |
 Multimeters Voltage is tested across two separate wires. Ohms or resistance is tested across both ends of same wire. Amperage is tested along one or two points on same wire. Buy: Analog multimeter Multimeters at Amazon Klein multimeter Electric testers at Amazon Clampmeter for testing amp flow on line |
 GFCI circuit breaker A GFCI circuit breaker will protect all boxes on circuit. Circuit must be grounded. Ground wire must be continuous and connected to each piece of equipment. White wire on circuit breaker must be connected to Neutral busbar inside the breaker panel. Buy GFCI circuit breakers |
Push down 1" wide Push down breaker Plug-in breaker Buy single-pole: Choose from 15 to 60 amp Eaton CL series Siemens 15-60 amp Single-pole tandem breaker Tandem breakers |
Push down 2" wide Push down breaker Plug-in breakers Buy double-pole: Choose from 15 to 125 amp Choose from 15 amp to 200 amp Eaton CL series circuit breaker Siemens circuit breaker Double pole GFCI |
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Troubleshoot
Analog
timerHow to set analog timers Plug-in timer doesn't work a) Check receptacle for power. Check if other devices work correctly on outlet. b) Check lamp is turned ON c) Check bulb is good. d) Check tabs or pins are set, and manually rotate dial f) Check override switch is pushed fully in position g) Move override lever to different positions and manually rotate dial h) Try timer in different plug and with different lamp j) Test circuit with inexpensive circuit analyzer from hardware. Reversed polarity (incorrect wiring on outlet) can affect some timers and affect electronics. Buy circuit analyzer k) Don't exceed maximum wattage rating. Refer to product manual, or product label. l) some timers are not rated for motors, or LED, CFL, fluorescent etc bulbs... check rating m) Check Hz or cycles rating of timer. US and Americas use 60 Hz, while Europe and Asia uses 50 Hz n) Outdoor timer with photo cell > test with black tape over photo eye o) Turn photo eye away from light source p) Check if timer has battery (most modern analog timers do not have battery) |
 More Woods photoeye timers |
Troubleshoot
Photocell timer Troubleshoot photo eye timer .pdf How to install and troubleshoot photo eye a) Test with black tape over photo eye b) Turn photo eye away from light source, outdoor lights, street lights, passing cars, reflected light off siding c) Always plug into grounded GFCI-protected outlet. Do not use 2 GFCI on same outlet. d) Check outlet for power. Turn breaker fully off and then back on. e) Check outlet polarity with with circuit analyzer Buy circuit analyzer f) Check that lights work... plug lights directly into outlet without using timer g) Do not let snow accumulate over top of timer h) Do not exceed watt rating shown in product manual i) Check if timer is rated for type of bulb being used j) Power surge, power outage, nearby lightning strike can knock out timer permanently. Install surge protector. Buy: surge protection outlet Timers and manuals: Intermatic Woods GE Tork |
 More woods programmable timers  |
Troubleshoot
Programmable timer a) Press reset button: Reset or clear timer before starting, and after power outage, or if timer stops functioning. b) Power surge, power outage, nearby lightning strike can knock out timer permanently c) Check if timer has battery. Most modern timers have internal battery built into circuit board that is not replaceable. d) Check outlet for power. Turn breaker fully off and then back on e) Check outlet polarity with with circuit analyzer Circuit analyzer with GFCI check f) check for tripped GFCI. Do not use two GFCI on same circuit g) Check that lights work without timer... plug directly into outlet with power h) Check if timer in correct mode i) Check programming for conflicts and for overlapping programs j) Write out programming steps k) Don't exceed maximum wattage rating l) Don't let snow accumulate over timer. m) Check Hz or cycles rating of timer. US and Americas use 60 Hz, while Europe and Asia uses 50 Hz n) Check rating on timer: some timers do not work with CFL or motors, and are rated tungsten (incandescent) only o) If using timer for motor, check rating label on motor and look for Hp rating on timer instruction sheet Timers and manuals: Intermatic Woods GE Tork Sylvania Outdoor timers |
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Troubleshoot
Programmable wall timer a) Check wiring How to wire wall timers b) Reset or clear timer before starting, and after power outage c) Power surge, power outage, nearby lightning strike can knock out timer permanently d) Check that light bulbs work e) Check if timer in correct mode f) Check programming for conflicts and for overlapping programs g) Write out programming steps h) Don't exceed maximum wattage rating i) Check rating: Some timers are not rated for motors, or CFL bulbs j) Check Hz or cycles rating of timer. US and Americas use 60 Hz, while Europe and Asia uses 50 Hz k) Turn breaker fully off and then back ON j) Check if timer has battery, Most modern timers have internal battery built into circuit board that is not replaceable. But exceptions exist, such as Intermatic ST01, Ei600, EJ500 series timers. Read about battery replacement Check wiring How to wire single pole timers How to wire 3-way timers Resources: Woods wall timers and manuals All programmable timers All countdown timers |
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Troubleshoot power pack |
  Woods box timers Box timers, manuals, wiring |
Troubleshoot
box timers Turn circuit breaker fully OFF and then back ON Check that only copper wire and no insulation is under screw plate. Check rating plate on timer and Load. Make sure timer is rated for the Load amps. Check rating plate on timer for voltage. Match voltage with electric supply. Check rating plate on Load. Match voltage of timer with voltage of Load Use only solid copper wire. No stranded wire. Keep box cover closed Maximum 2 wires under screw plate Only copper wire under screw plate. Cut back insulation so no insulation under screw plate. Check wiring See box timer wiring Resources: How-to-troubleshoot-Intermatic-timer.html How to wire box timers Match wire size and breaker and load Fire inside timer/ burned R1 resistor  Fire
safetyUse only solid copper wire, and no insulation under screw plate. NO stranded wire
Max 2 wires under screw plateDo NOT solder end of stranded wire to make solid ... amperage will melt solder. Connect stranded wire to short jumper of solid copper wire and cover with twist on connector Both wires same gauge Straighten wire ends. Clean old wire with sandpaper, or cut back and strip undamaged wire. Always keep enclosure (box) cover closed Larger image |
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Keep wires straight Use solid copper wire If wiring terminal or end of wire are covered with green, use emery board to clean terminal and sandpaper to clean wire. |
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Both wires MUST be same
gauge Straighten each wire If wire is corroded or overheated, clean the end with sandpaper and wipe with cloth. If wire has been melted, cut back and reattach, or replace wire. Tighten screw very tight against copper wire |
Use wire connector |
Use push-on wire connectors |
3
wires/ or different gauge wires Join wires with wire connector or push-on connector Run jumper to screw terminal. Buy: Push on wire connectors at Amazon Red 3P connector (shown) for 10-14 gauge wire Connector assortment Resource: How to select and install wire connector |
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Fire safety/ Do not put stranded
wire under screw plate Do not install stranded wire under screw. Problem1: picture shows 2 different gauge wires under screw plate Problem2: Stranded wire will expand and contract and come loose under screw plate, even if it is the only wire under the screw plate Attach stranded wire and solid wire with wire connector, and run solid copper jumper wire to screw terminal Take photo of wires before starting.  Resources: Timer caught fire Load ratings for Intermatic timers/ pdf |
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  12 Ga |
10 gauge or 12 gauge? Compare your wire with short pieces of 10 and 12 gauge wire from local box store 10 gauge for 30 amp breaker. 10 gauge wire can have black-white and sometimes black-red 12 gauge for 20 amp breaker 12 gauge will have black and white wires . Resources: Match color code and amp rating for wire Basic house wiring |
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Add black tape when White wire
carries voltage (applies to 208 and 240V
circuits) With 120 and 277 Volt circuits, White wire is Neutral, and Black is Hot With 208 and 240 circuits, both wires are Hot, and both wires carry voltage Black tape on White wire identifies wire is Hot and not Neutral |
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Resource: Compare box timers DPDT timers Intermatic Control water heater w/ Z-wave |
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Resource: Intermatic control centers: and parts Digital control centers and parts Tork control centers and parts Subpanels All control centers and parts Enclosures |
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Resource: Programmable timers Countdown timers Off delay timers On delay timers Timer modules Din rail Twin & one-shot Woods Intermatic Tork |
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Recirculation systems |
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