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Review GE heat pump water heater
Which is best heat pump water heater
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Cost
of operating Heat pump water heater
Review GE heat pump water heater Which is best heat pump water heater |
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 General
rule, heat pump water heater lasts 10-12 years. Same as window
air conditioner. Same as typical water heater.There is no way to prolong life of parts. Read warranty carefully. Extended warranty is pro-rated. Compare 10-12 year heat pump with ordinary tank-type electric heater that will last 'forever' as long as anode is inspected each 1-3 years and tank is not allowed to rust. Water pressure should be less than 80 psi for longevity of all types water heaters. How to maintain water heater 10-12 year lifespan for heat pump means consumer must anticipate water heater replacement (at expected higher replacement cost) ... which adds to the actualy yearly cost. 1) If heat pump is set to efficient mode, and not used as ordinary tank heater, it can cost $150-180 per year to operate x 12 years = $1800-2160. If unit costs $1500-1800 to buy, then total water heater expenditure is $3600-3960 over 12 years. Assuming NO repairs. Typical heat pump repair service call is $400 in 2012. With no repairs: $3600-3960 divided by 12 years = Heat pump 12 years no repairs: $275-330 per year Heat pump 12 years 1 repair: $308-363 per year Assumes full efficiency maintained throughout lifespan, and does not consider higher replacement cost, and level cost for electricity over expected life of heater. 2) If lifetime of heat pump heater is reduced to 10 years, and unit requires one $400 service repair bill, for total cost $3400-4200, then yearly cost is higher = Heat pump 10 years + 1 service repair: $340-420 per year Heat pump 10 years + 2 service repairs: $380-460 per year If more heat pump repairs are added, then cost goes up by $40 per yer per each $400 service call. 3) Compare heat pump with ordinary tank-type heater converted to off-peak 120volt operation, and modest consumption: Tank costs $300-350 to buy. Easy self-install. Replacement anode cost $50 each 5 years. Operation cost is $220-350 per year. Tank repairs are DIY using generic off-the-shelf parts from hardware store, anticipate repairs $30 each 8 years. Tank lasts 'forever' as long as anode rod is inspected so tank will never rust, and water pressure is kept at 80psi or less, so lets say ordinary tank will last 20 years. Additionally, ordinary tank type heater can be connected to timer, while heat pump might have limitations. Ordinary tank heater: Total cost over 20 years is $4660-7260 = 230-363 per year Low consumption regular tank-type electric with DIY maintenance and repairs: $230-363 per year At my house, it costs me $18 a month to operate my electric water heater, and replacement cost is estimated at $400. If heater lasts 10 years, then total cost is $2200 divided by 10 years is $220 per year ... or much less than heat pump costs to buy and operate. Any repairs on my heater can be made DIY using generic off-shelf parts from local hardware. Maintenance and diagnosis are simple. See strategies below for achieving heat-pump type results with ordinary tank-type electric water heater. |
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1. Do
not turn on hot water when using cold When hot is turned on, even a moment, cold water immediately enters water heater. Water heater runs more. Single handled faucet lifted in center will draw hot water from tank. Applies to gas and electric heaters. Save $2-8 per month. How water heater works Water heater dip tube 9 ways to save with water heater |
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2. Install
Dual-handle faucets when replacing faucets Prevent unintentional hot water consumption This type of faucet does not have crossover problem caused by bad cartridge. It is easy to know when Hot water is drawn from tank. Do not open Hot side when using cold water. Save $2-8 per month |
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3. Fix
drips and leaks When hot side faucet drips, then cold water is entering tank at same rate water is dripping out of faucet. Water-loss-with-one-drip Government drip calculator Save 1/2 gallon per day: Save $1-8 per month. |
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Change
water heater from 240Volt to 120Volt 120Volt is slower recovery, and for homes with low consumption. Mimics heat pump operation, minus compressor. Wires inside heater remain the same. Typical 240Volt water heater will work when connected to 120V or 240V <> if wires from breaker box are connected correctly as shown. Hot wire from 120Volt breaker connects to Black wire at top of heater. White Neutral wire connects to Red wire at top of heater. Connecting Black wire to Black wire ensures that thermostats are turning the Hot wire on-and-off. This is electrically safe. Elements will heat with 120V or 240V, when wires from breaker box are connected as shown. How to wire thermostats How to wire off-peak water heater How to connect water heater to any voltage generator |
 Assumes 4500 watt element rated for 240V Element wattage and voltage printed on end of each element How to identify and replace elements |
Wattage
drops when voltage
is reduced See water heater label showing difference between 208V - 240V Resistive loads such as light bulbs and elements will burn less hot when voltage is reduced. Examples: ordinary household dimmer for incandescent bulbs, or power brown-out when household voltage is reduced Formula for 240-to-120V:  .25 x 4500 watts = 1125 watts |
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Lower watt element heats more slowly Peak price strategy: Reduce size of elements will cause less electric consumption per hour at peak price times. Recovery Computation Formula GPH= (watts x 3.412) / (8.25 x °Temp. Rise) |
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How
to
convert 240 Volt circuit to 120 Volt circuit: Image shows typical 240V water heater circuit. To convert to 120V: Move black wire from 240V breaker to 120Volt circuit breaker rated for correct amps. 30 amp breakers and 10gauge wire run cooler with less heat loss. Circuit is more efficient, and breaker box lasts longer. Move white wire from 240V breaker to Neutral busbar where ground wire connects. Some breaker boxes have separate Neutral busbar where white wires are connected. Basic 240Volt water heater circuit How to replace circuit breaker How to install subpanel |
 Hubbell 30 amp 120/277 WVB3. Tterminal location varies, but numbering stays same. Always Test terminals using continuity tester before wiring. |
Switch
water heater between 120Volt and 240Volt Use 240Volt during times when electric prices are lower, and faster recovery is needed. Use 120Volt during peak prices when less hot water is used Using 30 amp Double Pole Double Throw switch Also called: 30 amp DPDT switch Connect 120Volt wires as Hot and Neutral. Black connects to 120Volt circuit breaker and Whitye connects to neutral busbar. Connect 240Volt wires as Hot1 and Hot2. Both wires connect to 240Volt breaker. 30 amp maximum current/ safe limit 80% = 24 amps Over-amped switch will feel warm/ hot  Buy: 30 amp DPDT switch Resource: Toggle water heater between 120-240 volt Instruction sheet |
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Timer
toggles water heater between 120Volt and 240Volt Use SPDT timer with dry NO NC relay terminals to change water heater between 120Volt and 240Volt Use 120Volt at peak-electric price. Water heater recovers slowly with 120Volt. Use 240Volt when electric prices are lower, and faster recovery is needed.  Intermatic GM40 series Tork DTU40 timer GE 15207 series timers Dry terminals mean NO NC COM terminals are independent and receive no power when power is applied to timer clock on terminals H and N. |
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Change
water heater temperature using GM40 timer Applies to Intermatic WHQ timer and Tork DTU40 timer and GE 15207 series timers
Use timer for two different temperatures on electric water heater. Either upper thermostat and element have power or lower themostat and element have power. But not both at same time. Install ECO-protected thermostat for lower thermostat. Both upper and lower parts of tank are ECO-protected from overheating Rewire tank so upper and lower parts are separate. Use GM40 timer to switch power between lower and upper parts of tank. Normal operation, the lower thermost and element receive power and keep tank at temperature set point. Upper thermostat and element have no power. This is called 'redundant' water heater operation. This technique for heating tank more rapidly after cold water first enters tank. How to wire thermostats When timer activates, power to lower part of tank turns OFF. Power to upper part of tank begins. Upper thermostat is set for higher temperature. Since tank is at regular temperature, the higher setting means upper element will turn ON and begin heating tank to higher set point. Use this technique to heat water very hot for laundry cycle. Disadvantage: The lower part of tank will cool rapidly as new cold water enters tank, so this technique is good for making short-term batches of hot water. |
| Timers that can be wired to toggle water heater between 120V and 240V | |||
 Mechanical Intermatic GM40 series |
 Digital GM40AVE GMXFM1 |
 Digital ET70000 series |
 Digital 240Volt Tork DTU40 |
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Resource: Compare box timers DPDT timers Intermatic Control water heater w/ Z-wave |
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Resource: Intermatic control centers: and parts Digital control centers and parts Tork control centers and parts Subpanels All control centers and parts Enclosures |
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Resource: Programmable timers Countdown timers Off delay timers On delay timers Timer modules Din rail Twin & one-shot Woods Intermatic Tork |
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