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Resource: safe electric wiring
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Extension
cord code and safety Resource: safe electric wiring E-mail: geno03245w@gmail.com |
 MultimeterTest for breaks in wire/ Test for voltageMost appliance require 80% rated voltage to function correctly Buy Multimeters at Amazon Electric testers at Amazon Resource: How to test and replace element How to test thermocouple Element tests for 120 volts How to test wire |
Safety
when testing wires:
Never touch wet or previously flooded appliance. Never stand on wet surface when working on electric. Never stand on bare soil, put down dry boards. Tape tester leads to wood sticks to keep hands away from power. Use non-contact voltage tester before touching wires. Never touch or lean into any made of metal. Remove metal objects from pockets. Do not use oxygen or fuel accelerants in same room as electrical repairs Resource: Basic house wiring |
 Non-contact voltage testerTest for power without touching connectorsNEVER assume power is OFF Buy: Non-contact voltage tester Amazon Electric testers at Amazon Resource: How to test electric power is off |
Twist-on wire connector assortmentsDo not reuse old connectorsBuy: Connector assortment at Amazon Connector assortment at Amazon Resource How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
Weatherproof wire connectorConnector cavity is full of siliconeBuilt-in cover keeps silicone in place Protect from water, dust etc Buy from my affiliate links Weatherproof size 14 to 6 Amazon Weatherproof size 22 to 8 Amazon Resource How to select and install connectors |
Wrench to apply wire connectors Tighten connector Buy: Wire connector blaster Twist connector wrenches at Amazon Resources: How to twist wire How to select and install twist-on wire connectors |
 Buy: Blue for 16-14 wire Yellow for 12-10 wire Resource: How to install terminals |
 TerminalsBuy:Terminal kit Blue for 16-14 wire Yellow for 12-10 wire |
Push-on wire connectors in place of twist-on connectorsBuy:Push on wire connectors Amazon Red 3P connector for 10-14 gauge wire Lever connectors for stranded wire at Amazon |
 Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
  When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistances on wire and creates weak point. Buy tools: Wire strippers at Amazon Linesman pliers Utility knife at Amazon End cutting nippers at Amazon |
 Use solid copper wire Fire inside timer caused by stranded wire Keep enclosure door closed at all times Buy: soldering guns Resource Timer caught fire |
| Flexible cords in general are more vulnerable than fixed wiring. Therefore, cords should not be used if one of the recognized wiring methods could be used instead. Source: Electrical-safety-code/ pdf pg 26 ''Flexible cords and cables shall be approved and suitable for conditions of use and location. The standard lists specific situations in which flexible cords may be used. Flexible cords and cables shall be used only for: a. Pendants (a lampholder or cord-connector body suspended by a length of cord properly secured and terminated directly above the suspended device); b. Wiring of fixtures; c. Connection of portable lamps or appliances; d. Elevator cables; e. Wiring of cranes and hoists (where flexibility is necessary); f. Connection of stationary equipment to facilitate their frequent interchange (equipment which is not normally moved from place to place, but might be on occasion); g. Prevention of the transmission of noise or vibration. (In some cases vibration might fatigue fixed wiring and result in a situation more hazardous than flexible cord.) h. Appliances where the fastening means and mechanical connections are designed to permit removal for maintenance and repair (e.g. water coolers, exhaust fans); i. Data processing cables approved as a part of the data processing system. |
 'Extension
cords: 'Flexible cords and cables may
not be used:Source: Electrical-safety-code/ pdf pg 26 a. As a substitute for the fixed wiring of the structure; b. Where run through holes in walls, ceilings, or floors; c. Where run through doorways, windows, or similar openings; d. Where attached to building surfaces; or e. Where concealed behind building walls, ceilings, or floors." Flexible cord splices, repair and connections: "Flexible cords shall be used only in continuous lengths without splice or tap. No. 12 or larger, may be repaired if spliced so that the splice retains insulation, outer sheath properties, and usage characteristics. Flexible cords shall be connected to devices and fittings so that strain relief is provided which will prevent pull from being directly transmitted to joints or terminal screws." In other words, the cord must be connected or held in place by a clamp or other means so it cannot be pulled loose from terminal screws. Extension cords are temporary and cannot be concealed inside wall. Extension cords are made for plug ends, and have stranded wire instead of solid wire. Never put stranded wire under screw plate of switch, timer etc. or it creates fire hazard. |
| Use only 600 volt wire. Lamp cord, extension cords are not rated 600 volt. Use copper wire only. Aluminum wire is fire risk and should be avoided or installed by professional. 30 amp breaker use 10 gauge /  Buy: 10-2 gauge/ 30 amp 10-3/ 30 amp Southwire electric tools |
Yellow
12 gauge 20 amp Yellow/ #12 gauge wire for 20 amp with ground Buy: 12-2 gauge/ 20 amp 12-3/ 20 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground Rolls of stranded wire |
White
14 gauge 15 amp White/ #14 gauge wire for 15 amp with ground Buy: 14-2 gauge/ 15 amp 14-3/ 15 amp NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
 Buy: Armored cable |
 Southwire armored cable cutter Buy: Rolls of stranded wire |
Stranded wire  Buy: Rolls of stranded wire |
50-60
amp breaker use 6 gauge /  Buy: 6-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
40-50
amp breaker use 8 gauge / Buy: 8-2 wire Southwire electric tools NMB is house wiring UF is underground |
  Copper ground wire Use same size as other wire in circuit Buy: 12 gauge copper ground wire Ground wire Green ground wire Ground pigtails Ground rods/ ground clamps at Amazon |
Buy End cutting nippers at Amazon |
When removing insulation from wire, do NOT score or put cuts on surface of copper wire. Doing so increases resistances on wire and creates weak point. Buy tools: Wire strippers at Amazon Linesman pliers Utility knife at Amazon |
 Buy: Multimeter Electrical testers |
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Tools DEWALT Black and Decker Stanley SKIL Makita Porter-Cable Bosch Irwin Hand tools Klein hand tools Fluke electrical testing Dremel hobby tools Campbell Hausfeld air powered Tekton automotive Powerbuilt automotive Saws and saw blades |
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