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Air in water line
Air vent/ Eliminate air build-up in water line
Add air vent to high point on plumbing
Eliminate banging pipes caused by air inside line.
Frequently found with recirculation systems so pump lasts longer, runs quieter
Required with solar installation.
Install Tee with 1/4" reducer bushing. Air vent is usually installed at high point in plumbing line.
Air in water heater... You can take care of air or gas that is generated in the heater when heater is unused for weeks at a time by adding a vent at the top.
 This is done by installing a "T" in the hot outlet  so that the side port on the "T" is facing sideways.
Now take your hot water to the house from the side port.  At the top port, bush down so you can install a float vent.
These usually have 1/4 or 1/8 inch threads.
With hard water, the vent will plug periodically: clean with white vinegar
Buy:
Air vent/ Float vent
Resource:
Air vent .pdf
SpiroventSpirovent is much higher cost but designed to remove air from a relatively fast flowing stream, while a standard air vent shown above isn't.

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Spirovent
Resource:
Spirovent pdf
Tankless recirculation system
Larger image
Best design
Air vent for recirculation system
Often, recirculation pumps cause air bubbles as the impeller spins inside the water pipe
Air vent has 1/4" pipe thread/ install ordinary plumbing tee and use 1/4" reducing bushing / use teflon tape on 1/4" pipe thread
Install at highest point in recirculation loop

Air bubbles can cause pump, or plumbing pipes to make noise
Air bubbles can cause water to stop circulating
Air will shorten life of pump

Buy air vent:
Air vent/ Float vent

Resources:
Recirculation system for tankless
How to install recirculation system
air vent
Resources:
Questions to ask before buying solar water heater
Air in solar water heater/ pdf
Solar water heater installation/ pdf


air vent on solar loop
water hammer Install air chamber at each faucet
This can help eliminate pockets of air in the pipe
Pipes bang Pipes bang because water does not compress. Water is moving through pipes and around elbows. Turn tap off, and sudden stop of moving water causes pipes to shake, and bang into boards and drywall inside wall, causing sound. This can loosen pipe joints, and damage water heater, etc. Action: Turn water taps off slowly, add air chambers at each facucet (or buy water hammer arrestor), lower water pressure to less than 80 psi, add pressure reducing valve on cold water line before water heater. Household Air chamber is usually 18" tall and located behind walls on both Hot and Cold water lines at each faucet, and washing machine, etc. Or install larger diameter pipe for air chamber, and make it shorter.

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Resources:
Water hammer
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